A r c o l o g y
(architecture + ecology)
the integration of nature and the built environment
| In the Summer of 2007, 9students met for 4
weeks to learn about Arcology. Ideas that were new and bold and challenged the very
thought about how humans live or (or lack thereof) with nature giving back more than we
take. They learned about outlaw pioneers like Buckminster Fuller whose principle was "you just see what needs to be done and do it" and Malcolm Wells who took a different perspective on human scale and flew across the United States to document how much dead space we create with highways, parking lots and dead rooftops and proposed to Recover America with plants. Meanwhile John Todd was following in the footsteps where Bucky left off creating a living machine, letting plants clean waste, using the ecological principle that says waste from one thing is food for the other. And spearheading the term "arcololgy" is Paolo Soleri, who challenges the American Dream of the single family house and the demise it is bringing with it. |
All agree....... integration is necessary, we must give back more than we take. Disconnect from the fossil fuel world, and live for clean air, water, and plants to provide food. What humans are doing with the land that they are using is polluting and not regenerating life. We must be responsible. The students below took these ideas and applied them to a site that was chosen in SE Portland, 1949 SE Division, a vacant lot for over 10 years that is slotted for condominums. We asked can this little piece of land be part of the community to clean its waste, collect rainwater, provide food, sequester carbon and provide a community meeting of people??????
Follow below to see what we found out and options we came up with (comments are welcome) please email Candace at gossen@pdx.edu Thank you.
| Lot Statistics: | site: 1949
SE Division St. lot size: 9500sf (0.22acres) history: previous occupant gas station property value 2006: $148,580 sale price 1990: $52,714 Ladd's Addition: 6,932 people in Ladd's 831 acres 8 person per acre (2000 stats) 3243 households 51% own, 49% rent 15.7% diverse |
First we calculate potential of site before we design:
Trees One tree that shades your home in the city will also save fossil fuel, cutting CO2 buildup as much as 15 forest trees
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Spacing between trees is a choice between growing for a
commodity of lumber or growing for wildlife & carbon or both At 10' x 10' spacing there are on aver 435 trees per acre. For this site which is 0.2 acres we could plant 87 trees. |
CO2 1 trees absorbs approx. 48 lbs of CO2 per year and emits enough oxygen for 2 people. 87 trees = absorbs 4176 lbs of CO2 yearly. Each person emits 2.3 tons/yr |
Soil Erosion 1 tree over a 50 year lifetime controls $31,250 of soil erosion. 87 trees = $2.7 million worth of soil erosion |
Clean Water 1 tree over a 50 year lifetime recycles $$37,500 worth of water. 87 trees= $3.2million of clean water |
Air Pollution 1 tree over 50 years controls $62,000 worth of air pollution controls. 87trees=$5.3 million dollars of saved pollution controls. |
Oxygen 1 tree generates $31,250 worth of oxygen. 87 trees=$2.7 million of oxygen |
solar potential |
300btus/sf coming from the sun in portland x 9500sf = 2.85 million btus | PV - 9500sf x 10watts/sf for
crystalline = 95KW PV- 9500sf x 5 watt/sf for amorphous = 47.5 KW |
Household energy use = 50% for space heating; 25% hot water; 25% applicances.
for a 4 person household electric water heating can cost 50% of energy use
solar thernal potential |
A 4 person household: Size a collector- 20sf person #1; 20sf person #2; 12sf for each person thereafter for portland. 4 person household = 64sf collector solar storage 64sf x 1.5gal/sf = 96 gallons A typical solar water heating system costs $2500-3500. State Tax Credit = $1500, out of pocket $1000-2000. payback time is out of pocket cost/50% savings per month. Average american consumes 30kwh/day, reducing 15kwh day x 0.082 kwh = $1.23day x 30= $36.9 month. $1000/36.9 = 27 months payback time |
Site information: 9500sf/64sf collector per household = 148 households. 96 gal x 148 households = $14, 250 gal of hot water potential from site. or 790 person's daily consumption of hot water. |
rainwater potential |
In the portland climate profile, we get about 36"
or 3' of rain a year. any area can collect rain whether it be an impervious surface like a roof, or a filtered trough system below the surface of the ground. First figure the sq ft of the area. then multiply times the feet of rain per year. This will give you cubic feet of rain per year. Since we use water in gallons, convert your cubic feet x 7.4 gal/cf to get total gallons per year. This is your rainwater potential. your collection surface will determine whether you collect 90% metal, or 85% asphalt, or 70%cedar, or 50% ecoroofs. this is the actual for the collection surface. Design criteria is storage needed for time it DOES NOT RAIN and for Portland it is 12 weeks or 90 days. Cistern size resorts back to cubic feet by dividing 7.4 into total rainwater potential. Usage per average person daily is 75 gal, conservative user is 40gal per day, and ultra-conservative is 25gal/day. In Phoenix the average user can be over 300 gal a day when irrigation is included for green law and golf courses. |
Site potential: 9500sf x 3' of rainfall =
28,500 cf x 7.4 gal/cf = 210,900gallons if each person were a conservative user at 40 gal/day, the site could collect enough rainwater for 52,725 people. if the neighborhood houses were connected on average 20,000 gallons per household on the average 900 sf bungalow, the potential collection could offset more than 75% of use.
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wastewater |
For a wetland to absorb waste it takes abotu 2-3
meters per person, which is about 32sf per person. Wetlands and the use of reeds and plants are a natural process that can be used on a local, community, or city scale. An alternative to living wetlands are Living Machines which are contained biowaste water systems. |
Site potential: 32 sf per person. 9500sf/32sfpp = 297 people waste taken care of by the site |
Sci 399 Arcology & Renewable Energy-- summer 2007 Portland State University Portland, Oregon
Instructor: Candace Gossen
Students: anonymous : )
click on images for larger view
| reference article written on July 11 by the
Williamette Week http://www.wweek.com/editorial/3335/9225/
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